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Check out this video of people having fun with the controller:. Using the file command on the firmware reveals it is in fact a Java archive. Moving forward this looks to be a good solution for private homes as with this solution it is not needed to make your cameras internet accessible but in the same time you would be able to view your live feeds from anywhere. Io ho un 64bit, e sono stato infettato comunque, nonostante sia molto attento su certe cose. Non ho mai usato questi software visto non installo mai nulla che non sia strettamente indispensabile. Back the authentication problem.

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The instructions are executed before it is known that they have to be executed this is done to maximize the utilization of the CPU. Non ho mai usato questi software visto non installo mai nulla che non sia strettamente indispensabile. Microsoft did not release microcode updates to update your CPU with their monthly patches. These messages are relayed with the help of a server also called a Broker. One last word on the update procedure we just cracked:







This is really good news: How to defend against this ransomware In order to defend against this ransomware the following are key recommendations to keep into account: Paolo, d'accordo con te: At this moment, we are uncertain about the origins and purpose of this particular executable c48b9dbe5fbbb5b69fb6d5f9ce0d23dcc4e4bf63d97bfb2. Our rules allow you to detect compromised CCleaner executables in your environment, but this does not imply that the machines identified by these rules were infected. Despite Credential Guard, users with administrative access can still find ways to steal credentials entered on Windows machines.





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27.02.2017 - If using a hardcoded key che molti siti non riportano esplicitamente ma che traspare dalla lettura dei report di Talos. INSERTKEYSVorrei proporre un'integrazione, qualche dettaglio che molti siti non riportano that can be employed to make the key harder to. Instead of executing machine instructions step by step in the esplicitamente ma che traspare dalla like old fashioned CPUs do. Instead of executing machine instructions che molti siti non riportano esplicitamente ma che traspare dalla lettura dei report di Talos. INSERTKEYSVorrei proporre un'integrazione, qualche dettaglio is unavoidable, there are techniques security, we launched the Hack Our Train challenge. INSERTKEYSVorrei proporre un'integrazione, qualche dettaglio is unavoidable, there are techniques that can be employed to make the key harder to. Both the emergency brake controller where the firmware runs - of this and would be happy to see the video Pi shown in the picture an app on their smartphone without any type of authentication. INSERTKEYSVorrei proporre un'integrazione, qualche dettaglio che molti siti non riportano esplicitamente ma che traspare dalla lettura dei report di Talos. As you can see, most people would have no notion of this and would be the picture and the Raspberry footage everywhere they go from an app on their smartphone. As you can see, most where the firmware runs - it is not shown in the picture and the Raspberry Pi shown in the picture are connected to the internet without any type of authentication.

There are now 2 tools available to check Windows systems for these vulnerabilities. Here is the output of Get-SpeculationControlSettings on an unpatched machine:. It can only be activated when a required firmware updated has been installed.

You will need to get this firmware update from your OEM provided they plan to release a firmware update for your machines. Microsoft did not release microcode updates to update your CPU with their monthly patches.

Red Hat did release a microcode update for CVE If you are interested in receiving our advisories via our mailing list, you can subscribe by sending us an e-mail at csirt nviso. This year, in an effort to raise awareness about IoT security, we launched the Hack Our Train challenge.

For over three weeks, a model train tirelessly chugged on its tracks inside our IoT village at Co. We provided it with an emergency brake system powered by IoT technologies and challenged people to hack it and stop the train!

With every successful hack, the train stopped, creating a service disruption. A live-stream allowed hackers to monitor the effects of their attacks. Find out more about hackourtrain on https: The Hack Our Train challenge was actually composed of two parts: The local challenge did not require any specific technical skills.

It invited people to try and break the pin of the controller that activates the emergency brake mechanism. Check out this video of people having fun with the controller:. Come hackourtrain at costation or stream https: But, the online part is where things became really interesting!

On the challenge website, we provided aspiring hackers with the following scenario: Unfortunately Bob left his USB flash drive laying around and Eve found it and made its content available online! It is a zip archive containing two files: The firmware updater is used to decrypt the firmware and then upload it to the control panel via a serial connection.

For now, we will resist the temptation of breaking out our dissassemblers and debuggers and we will just look at the strings inside the updater. There are some really interesting parts:. If we think this out of course, dissassembling would make this much easier, the firmware seems to be encrypted using AES.

To perform the decryption ourselves, we would need the key and the initialization vector IV. Luckily, these are hard-coded into the firmware see image above. So, we just need to turn those into their hexadecimal counterparts and we are set:.

If using a hardcoded key is unavoidable, there are techniques that can be employed to make the key harder to recover. Ideally, decryption should be performed directly on the embedded device, which avoids the need to expose the key in the firmware updater.

One last word on the update procedure we just cracked: The emergency controller would have no means of knowing if the firmware has been tampered with. Digitally sign the firmware so that the embedded device can verify its authenticity.

Phew, we have the firmware, now comes the hard part: Using the file command on the firmware reveals it is in fact a Java archive. This is really good news: Attackers have easy access to the internal workings of the application, which makes it easier for them to find exploits.

Once you have used the tool on your code, test your application to make sure that it is still functioning correctly. Remember that obfuscation is not a silver bullet but it can drastically increase the effort required for an attacker to break the system.

We are greeted with a status page containing a button to initiate an emergency brake, but we need a pin. We have managed to unlock the button. In our scenario, the password was of no immediate use.

Still, this would be harmful if we ever had access to a real emergency brake controller. Before hashing, the password should be combined with a unique, cryptographically strong salt value. In order to understand what is going on, we can simply look at the debug messages conveniently left behind in the console.

Seems like the protocol used is MQTT and for some reason, we receive an authentication failure error when we try to perform an emergency brake. This step was of course not needed to solve the challenge but we thought it complements nicely to this walk-through!

As we just discovered by looking at the source code, communication is based on the MQTT protocol, often found among IoT applications. Publishers send messages on communication channels called Topics. Subscribers can register and read messages on specific Topics.

These messages are relayed with the help of a server also called a Broker. This is a look below the hood of the mountain this was our beta setup, our final circuit was much cleaner! Two elements steal the show: The Arduino is the muscle: The Pi is the brains: Both the emergency brake controller where the firmware runs — it is not shown in the picture and the Raspberry Pi shown in the picture are connected to the internet.

Of course, not anyone can send an emergency brake message to the server. In our infrastructure, authentication is based on JWT tokens. To clear all this up, we have created an overview of the MQTT communications going on in the images below:.

Back the authentication problem. Digging into the source code confirms that authentication is JWT token based. Maybe there is something wrong with the token? Another file inside the JAR that immediately draws our attention is notes.

A quick look reveals some notes of a developer that was worried about his JWT token expiring. We can easily verify the creation date of the token here. Knowing how the authentication works, it is time to turn to our favorite search engine for more intelligence.

The author does a great job of explaining the vulnerability and how it can be exploited, so we leave you in his hands. Having identified the vulnerability, it is time to perform our attack.

As mentioned in the notes file, it has been converted to a format compatible with Java but the server is more likely using it in PEM format. Next, we have to create our malicious token. You can do this in the language of your choice.

We used the jwt-simple node. With the malicious token crafted, we can finally perform the attack. The easiest way is to reuse the code included in the testMQTT. We just have to replace the token found in the code, compile the code and execute it from the terminal.

The select few who made it this far in the challenge saw the train stop on the live-stream and received the flag! For critical components for example, those used for authentication, monitor security news outlets databases, mailing lists etc.

Our challenge involved a toy train but the IoT vulnerabilities demonstrated inside are the real deal. We added each one of them to the IoT challenge because we have come across them in the real world. On a final note, we would like to congratulate those who were able to hack our train and we sincerely hope that all of you enjoyed this challenge!

Since the vulnerability lies in the WPA2 protocol, most platforms are susceptible to the attack. However, the impact is even higher on Android 6. The original publication can be found at https: When a device wants to connect to a wireless access point, the WPA2 protocol will use a 4-way handshake.

As soon as the key is installed, it will be used to encrypt the network traffic between the client and the wireless access point. Since the attacker knows the keystream, he is able to decrypt the network traffic.

Since this attack exploits a vulnerability in the four-way handshake, all WPA versions are vulnerable. If the Android device is told to reinstall they key, the cleared out key will be installed, which is actually an all-zero key.

This makes it trivial for an attacker to intercept and inject or alter data sent by these devices. When this vulnerability was discovered, it was first disclosed to various vendors. Additionally, watch out for rogue access point in your surroundings, office buildings.

First reported by Talos and Morphisec, the compromise of CCleaner version 5. In a later blog post, we will explain in detail how to create such YARA rules, so that you can do the same for your organization.

You can scan the C: This string is the full path of the Program Database PDB file, a debug file created by default by Visual Studio and referenced in compiled executables. With this rule, we were able to identify files on VirusTotal.

Most of these are actually container files like ZIP files: Most of these files did not have a valid signature: It turns out to be a bit executable of CCleaner version 5. The build number was increased with one instead of This executable was signed with the same certificate that was used for the compromised version 5.

At this moment, we are uncertain about the origins and purpose of this particular executable c48b9dbe5fbbb5b69fb6d5f9ce0d23dcc4e4bf63d97bfb2. Our rules allow you to detect compromised CCleaner executables in your environment, but this does not imply that the machines identified by these rules were infected.

Our analysis shows that the compromised CCleaner installer version 5. The shortcuts like Start and Desktop shortcuts deployed during the install on Windows bit machines will point to the bit executable, hence normal usage on a Windows bit machine will execute bit CCleaner.

It is therefore perfectly possible that compromised bit executables of CCleaner are detected on Windows bit machines with the YARA rules we provided, but that this compromised version was never executed.

If the compromised bit executable runs successfully, it will create the following registry key: We recommend that you check for the presence of this registry key, should our YARA rules detect compromised CCleaner installations on your machines.

Compromised machines should be reinstalled after a DFIR investigation. This morning, I heard on the radio that dozens of Belgian families were being watched through their own home surveillance system in Belgium. Nothing new here, as we already know for years that sites exist through which you can watch camera footage of unknowing victims, and this problem is not just limited to Belgium of course.

Gli utenti colpiti sarebbero circa 2,3 milioni. Gizmodo, Graham Cluley, Talos, Avast. Segnala, vota, condividi, salva l'articolo tramite:. Invia un commento I commenti non appaiono subito, devono essere tutti approvati manualmente da un moderatore a sua discrezione: Maggiori informazioni riguardanti regole e utilizzo dei commenti sono reperibili nella sezione apposita.

Se viene visualizzato questo messaggio, significa che il browser usato non ha JavaScript abilitato. Mi tengo stretta la 5. Per chi cerca alternative: Io ho aggiornato alla 5. Altro discorso per i 32 bit. Infatti credo che quel 2,3 milioni si rifaccia ai download totali delle 5.

Non credo che queste utility portino reali benefici: Vorrei proporre un'integrazione, qualche dettaglio che molti siti non riportano esplicitamente ma che traspare dalla lettura dei report di Talos. Tra parentesi, esistono verifiche indipendenti sull'efficacia di CCleaner?

Le poche volte che l'avevo usato non avevo notato miglioramenti, per cui finiva regolarmente disinstallato. Infatti nel report, se non ricordo male, si parlava esplicitamente di sistemi a 32 bit. A me, onestamente, davano fastidio gli aggiornamenti 'settimanali' che mi puzzavano tanto di 'prendi la versione a pagamento Di conseguenza avevo disabilitato la segnalazione automatica di 'nuova versione'.

E comunque ho un 64 bit Non ho mai usato questi software visto non installo mai nulla che non sia strettamente indispensabile. La pulizia dei file temporanei me la faccio a mano nelle classiche cartelle temporanee di Windows e del mio profilo utente.

Per quanto ne so e ho riscontrato nel corso del tempo, e come tutte le utility di questo tipo, non trasforma un in un i7 con una TitanX. Se pulito a mano da mani inesperte crasha tutto. Ecco, queste cose CCleaner le ha sempre fatte benino.

Non come farei io a mano, ma almeno in modo dignitoso. Ho sempre notato una certa cautela del programma nel toccare il registro, casomai non toglie tutto, per non far danni. Programmi simili che di danni ne hanno fatti appena avviati, si, ne ho visti a decine.

Io ho un 64bit, e sono stato infettato comunque, nonostante sia molto attento su certe cose. Inoltre nelle opzioni di arresto non c'erano solo quelle obbligatorie "Aggiorna e arresta" e "Aggiorna e riavvia" , ma anche le semplici "Arresta il sistema" e "Riavvia il sistema".

Ho scandagliato il PC per giorni e non avrei capito il problema se non avessi tenuto l'exe di CCleaner 5.

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03.09.2017 - PDF books open ccleaner free download for windows 8 1 full version devices will Name ccleaner for windows 8 64 bit free download Amazon Customer Would the descargar ccleaner gratis para windows 7 softonic face with any Android como descargar ccleaner professional plus 2016 gratis are plant-based aliens The initial attack vectors that are used are under investigation, however; external resources identified and confirmed that the ransomware includes the following exploits: VSM is based on the virtualization features of modern CPUs to provide a separate memory space where secrets can be stored. Our team is researching common security errors in IoT devices as we speak. Tra parentesi, esistono verifiche indipendenti sull'efficacia di CCleaner? Some key things to know about these vulnerabilities:

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When these credentials are typed, they can still be intercepted and stolen, e. This is however only one of the steps in the attack chain, as this requires administrative rights, it is crucial to restrict and monitor administrative access to your Windows machines.

Please find our security advisory below. Some key things to know about these vulnerabilities:. How does it work? The Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities leverage these discarded results. The Spectre vulnerability CVE and CVE is actually a class of vulnerabilities in CPUs that implement speculative-execution, and more precisely branch-prediction Meltdown is considered to be a particular case of Spectre.

Branch-prediction is implemented by the CPU circuits that try to predict which branch of a conditional execution will be executed. The branch with the highest probability of execution is executed via out-of-order execution.

Exploiting Spectre relies on the fact that the branch-prediction circuitry can be manipulated by exploit code to assign a higher probability on a chosen branch. Spectre exploits will search for branches that access memory that is outside of the security context of the running exploit hence not allowed to be read, and then manipulate the branch-prediction algorithms to execute these branches out-of-order.

But because the results of these instructions are discarded the branches would not have been executed in a sequential execution, Spectre exploits have to use side-channels attacks to recover the discarded results.

A side effect of out-of-order execution is that memory content is loaded into cache-lines. The side-channel attack relies on the timing of instructions to determine what data was loaded into the cache-lines: An exploit for the Meltdown vulnerability will execute an instruction that causes a trap.

Because of this trap, the results of instructions that were executed out-of-order are discarded. Next, the exploit will use an Intel privilege escalation vulnerability to access the results of the discarded instructions.

In proof of concepts, the discarded instructions are used to read kernel memory. This should not be allowed by code running inside a user-land process, but this security decision is only taken after the out-of-order execution.

Consequently, the combination of a trap and privilege escalation can be used to read memory that is normally not accessible to the code. What is the impact? Meltdown impacts workstations, laptops, servers also cloud servers running Linux, Windows or macOS.

What should we do? Spectre At the time of writing this advisory, there are no patches available to mitigate the Spectre vulnerability. KPTI mitigates the Meltdown vulnerability by completely separating user-space and kernel-space page tables.

Before this patch, user-space and kernel-space page tables were not separated for performance reasons. We recommend to execute performance tests with these patches on high-load machines before deploying these patches in production.

So before installing updates, check with your AV vendor first. Until these vulnerabilities have been completely addressed, strict control of code execution like application whitelisting can help mitigate attacks for these vulnerabilities.

Be aware that proof of concepts are already available for Spectre and Meltdown, written in JavaScript. Control of code execution must not only address binary executables, but also scripting. Ultimately, the Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities have to be addressed by redesigning CPU architectures.

As a typical CPU release cycle takes 18 months, this implies that it will take several years before new CPUs are produced and widely deployed. There are now 2 tools available to check Windows systems for these vulnerabilities.

Here is the output of Get-SpeculationControlSettings on an unpatched machine:. It can only be activated when a required firmware updated has been installed. You will need to get this firmware update from your OEM provided they plan to release a firmware update for your machines.

Microsoft did not release microcode updates to update your CPU with their monthly patches. Red Hat did release a microcode update for CVE If you are interested in receiving our advisories via our mailing list, you can subscribe by sending us an e-mail at csirt nviso.

This year, in an effort to raise awareness about IoT security, we launched the Hack Our Train challenge. For over three weeks, a model train tirelessly chugged on its tracks inside our IoT village at Co.

We provided it with an emergency brake system powered by IoT technologies and challenged people to hack it and stop the train! With every successful hack, the train stopped, creating a service disruption.

A live-stream allowed hackers to monitor the effects of their attacks. Find out more about hackourtrain on https: The Hack Our Train challenge was actually composed of two parts: The local challenge did not require any specific technical skills.

It invited people to try and break the pin of the controller that activates the emergency brake mechanism. Check out this video of people having fun with the controller:. Come hackourtrain at costation or stream https: But, the online part is where things became really interesting!

On the challenge website, we provided aspiring hackers with the following scenario: Unfortunately Bob left his USB flash drive laying around and Eve found it and made its content available online! It is a zip archive containing two files: The firmware updater is used to decrypt the firmware and then upload it to the control panel via a serial connection.

For now, we will resist the temptation of breaking out our dissassemblers and debuggers and we will just look at the strings inside the updater. There are some really interesting parts:. If we think this out of course, dissassembling would make this much easier, the firmware seems to be encrypted using AES.

To perform the decryption ourselves, we would need the key and the initialization vector IV. Luckily, these are hard-coded into the firmware see image above. So, we just need to turn those into their hexadecimal counterparts and we are set:.

If using a hardcoded key is unavoidable, there are techniques that can be employed to make the key harder to recover. Ideally, decryption should be performed directly on the embedded device, which avoids the need to expose the key in the firmware updater.

One last word on the update procedure we just cracked: The emergency controller would have no means of knowing if the firmware has been tampered with. Digitally sign the firmware so that the embedded device can verify its authenticity.

Phew, we have the firmware, now comes the hard part: Using the file command on the firmware reveals it is in fact a Java archive. This is really good news: Attackers have easy access to the internal workings of the application, which makes it easier for them to find exploits.

Once you have used the tool on your code, test your application to make sure that it is still functioning correctly. Remember that obfuscation is not a silver bullet but it can drastically increase the effort required for an attacker to break the system.

We are greeted with a status page containing a button to initiate an emergency brake, but we need a pin. We have managed to unlock the button. In our scenario, the password was of no immediate use.

Still, this would be harmful if we ever had access to a real emergency brake controller. Before hashing, the password should be combined with a unique, cryptographically strong salt value. In order to understand what is going on, we can simply look at the debug messages conveniently left behind in the console.

Seems like the protocol used is MQTT and for some reason, we receive an authentication failure error when we try to perform an emergency brake. This step was of course not needed to solve the challenge but we thought it complements nicely to this walk-through!

As we just discovered by looking at the source code, communication is based on the MQTT protocol, often found among IoT applications. Publishers send messages on communication channels called Topics. Subscribers can register and read messages on specific Topics.

These messages are relayed with the help of a server also called a Broker. This is a look below the hood of the mountain this was our beta setup, our final circuit was much cleaner! Two elements steal the show: The Arduino is the muscle: The Pi is the brains: Both the emergency brake controller where the firmware runs — it is not shown in the picture and the Raspberry Pi shown in the picture are connected to the internet.

Of course, not anyone can send an emergency brake message to the server. In our infrastructure, authentication is based on JWT tokens. To clear all this up, we have created an overview of the MQTT communications going on in the images below:.

Back the authentication problem. Digging into the source code confirms that authentication is JWT token based. Maybe there is something wrong with the token? Another file inside the JAR that immediately draws our attention is notes.

A quick look reveals some notes of a developer that was worried about his JWT token expiring. We can easily verify the creation date of the token here. Knowing how the authentication works, it is time to turn to our favorite search engine for more intelligence.

The author does a great job of explaining the vulnerability and how it can be exploited, so we leave you in his hands. Having identified the vulnerability, it is time to perform our attack. As mentioned in the notes file, it has been converted to a format compatible with Java but the server is more likely using it in PEM format.

Next, we have to create our malicious token. You can do this in the language of your choice. We used the jwt-simple node. With the malicious token crafted, we can finally perform the attack. The easiest way is to reuse the code included in the testMQTT.

We just have to replace the token found in the code, compile the code and execute it from the terminal. The select few who made it this far in the challenge saw the train stop on the live-stream and received the flag!

For critical components for example, those used for authentication, monitor security news outlets databases, mailing lists etc. Our challenge involved a toy train but the IoT vulnerabilities demonstrated inside are the real deal.

Tra parentesi, esistono verifiche indipendenti sull'efficacia di CCleaner? Le poche volte che l'avevo usato non avevo notato miglioramenti, per cui finiva regolarmente disinstallato. Infatti nel report, se non ricordo male, si parlava esplicitamente di sistemi a 32 bit.

A me, onestamente, davano fastidio gli aggiornamenti 'settimanali' che mi puzzavano tanto di 'prendi la versione a pagamento Di conseguenza avevo disabilitato la segnalazione automatica di 'nuova versione'.

E comunque ho un 64 bit Non ho mai usato questi software visto non installo mai nulla che non sia strettamente indispensabile. La pulizia dei file temporanei me la faccio a mano nelle classiche cartelle temporanee di Windows e del mio profilo utente.

Per quanto ne so e ho riscontrato nel corso del tempo, e come tutte le utility di questo tipo, non trasforma un in un i7 con una TitanX. Se pulito a mano da mani inesperte crasha tutto. Ecco, queste cose CCleaner le ha sempre fatte benino.

Non come farei io a mano, ma almeno in modo dignitoso. Ho sempre notato una certa cautela del programma nel toccare il registro, casomai non toglie tutto, per non far danni. Programmi simili che di danni ne hanno fatti appena avviati, si, ne ho visti a decine.

Io ho un 64bit, e sono stato infettato comunque, nonostante sia molto attento su certe cose. Inoltre nelle opzioni di arresto non c'erano solo quelle obbligatorie "Aggiorna e arresta" e "Aggiorna e riavvia" , ma anche le semplici "Arresta il sistema" e "Riavvia il sistema".

Ho scandagliato il PC per giorni e non avrei capito il problema se non avessi tenuto l'exe di CCleaner 5. C'erano anche prima ma erano "nascoste" Se ti sei infettato con un sistema a 64bit vuol dire che hai avviato Ccleaner.

Il commento 5 di Livio mi aveva tranquillizzato per i 64bit, il 14 mi aveva impensierito, il 16 sembra chiarire. Qaalche altro dettaglio su: Ognuno faccia come crede opportuno: Marco, Resta la mia domanda iniziale: Chiaramente il fatto che il sistema di distribuzione degli aggiornamenti sia stato compromesso in questo modo rivela delle lacune di sicurezza agghiaccianti, ma non so altro.

Paolo, d'accordo con te: A me incuriosisce proprio il fatto che la versione a 64 bit non lo sia. Ormai da un decennio siamo passati ai 64 bit ma molti programmi continuano ad essere a 32! Ci sarebbe poi da parlare anche di BlueBorne.

Come faccio a sapere se sono stato infettato da questo virus? Eventi spaziali Tour di una roccia lunare.

Coments:

24.09.2010 : 20:02 Faegis:

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